How to Calculate Your Home Equity
Home equity is the part of your home you own outright: its current market value minus everything you owe against it.
Home equity = Home value - Mortgage balance(s)
Lenders don't let you borrow all of it. They cap your combined loan-to-value ratio (CLTV), which counts your existing mortgage plus the new loan or line. Most home equity lenders allow a CLTV of 80% to 90%, depending on your credit score and property.
Borrowing power = (Home value x Max CLTV) - Mortgage balance
Example
- Home value: $400,000
- Mortgage balance: $200,000
- Home equity: $200,000 (50%)
- Borrowing power at 80% CLTV: $120,000
- Borrowing power at 90% CLTV: $160,000
For a deeper walkthrough, including how appraisals and market conditions affect your number, read how to calculate home equity.
How HELOC Payments Work
A HELOC has two phases. During the draw period (often 10 years) you can borrow, repay, and borrow again, and many lenders require only interest on what you've drawn. During the repayment period (often 10 to 20 years) you can no longer draw, and you repay the balance with principal and interest - so your payment typically rises. HELOC rates are variable, which means payments can also change when the Prime Rate moves.
How Home Equity Loan Payments Work
A home equity loan pays you a lump sum at closing. You repay it with a fixed rate and the same monthly payment for a set term, usually 5 to 30 years. Shorter terms have higher payments but far less total interest.
What Else Affects Your Numbers
- Your appraisal. Online estimates are a starting point; the lender's valuation sets the number that counts.
- Credit score and debt-to-income ratio. These drive both your rate and the maximum CLTV a lender will offer.
- Closing costs. Appraisal, title, recording, and origination fees vary by lender and state.
Not sure which product fits? Compare them in HELOC vs. home equity loan, or check your actual rate.